Purpose
Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of disability in older people. Although
often underemphasized, it may affect quality of life and imposes a considerable burden
on the health system. This study evaluated the epidemiology of hand OA in the Middle
East and North Africa (MENA) region.
Methods
This epidemiological study was performed based on the Global Burden of Disease study
from 1990 to 2019. The incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLD)
in all 21 MENA countries during the study period were reported in rate, age-standardized,
and percentage.
Results
Hand osteoarthritis in MENA increased 2.7-fold, from 1.6 million cases to 4.3 million
from 1990 to 2019 with an age-standardized incidence rate of 50.2 (95% CI, 38.2–66.4)
per 100,000 people in 2019. Saudi Arabia had the highest age-standardized prevalence
in both 1990 (2.3%) and 2019 (2.3%), whereas Turkey had the lowest (0.3%) in both
years. Total YLDs due to hand osteoarthritis increased by more than 2.7-fold, from
50,335 to 135,336 during the study period. The highest rate of increase in YLD rate
from 1990 to 2019 was in Iran (3.3) and the largest decrease was in Qatar (−11.5).
Conclusions
In contrast to the global trend, MENA hand OA prevalence and YLDs did not decrease
between 1990 and 2019 and remained constant over time. Aging and increasing obesity
rates, particularly among women, might be the contributing factors. Hand OA epidemiology
varies by country, possibly due to genetic, ethnic, and environmental factors.
Type of study/level of evidence
Prognostic II.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 28, 2023
Accepted:
November 30,
2022
Received:
July 3,
2022
Footnotes
No benefits in any form have been received or will be received related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article.
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. All rights reserved.
