Journal of Hand Surgery
Volume 35, Issue 8 , Pages 1304-1309 , August 2010

Phrenic Nerve Transfer for Elbow Flexion and Intercostal Nerve Transfer for Elbow Extension

Received 1 December 2009 ,Accepted 5 April 2010.

References 

  1. Merrell GA, Barrie KB, Katz DL, Wolfe SW, Haven H. Results of nerve transfer techniques for restoration of shoulder and elbow function in the context of a meta-analysis of the English literature. J Hand Surg. 2001;26A:303–314
  2. Songcharoen P. Management of brachial plexus injury in adults. Scand J Surg. 2008;97:317–323
  3. Rohde R, Wolfe SW. Nerve transfers for adult traumatic brachial plexus palsy. Bull Hosp for Spec Surg. 2007;3:77–82
  4. Millesi H. Coordinated function oriented movements after multiple root avulsion. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2007;100:117–119
  5. Doi K, Shigetomi M, Kaneko K, Soo Heong T, Hiura Y, Yasunory YH. Significance of elbow extension in reconstruction of prehension with reinnervated free-muscle transfer following complete brachial plexus avulsion. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1997;100:364–372
  6. Terzis JK, Kostopoulos VK. The surgical treatment of brachial plexus injuries in adults. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007;119:73e–92e
  7. Chuang DCC, Hattori Y, Ma HS, Chen HC. The reconstructive strategy for improving elbow function in late obstetric brachial palsy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002;109:116–126
  8. Moberg E. Surgical treatment for absent single-hand grip and elbow extension in quadriplegia. J Bone Joint Surg. 1975;57A:196–206
  9. Midha R. Nerve transfers for severe brachial plexus injuries: a review. Neurosurg Focus. 2004;16:1–10
  10. Malessy MJ, Bakker D, Dekker AJ, Van Duk JG, Thomeer RT. Functional magnetic resonance imaging and control over the biceps muscle after intercostal-musculocutaneous nerve transfer. J Neurosurg. 2003;98:261–268
  11. Beaulieu JY, Blustajn J, Teboul F, Baud P, De Schonen S, Thiebaud JB, et al. Cerebral plasticity in crossed C7 grafts of the brachial plexus: an fMRI study. Microsurgery. 2006;26:303–310
  12. Dong Z, Zhang CG, Gu YD. Surgical outcome of phrenic nerve transfer to the anterior division of the upper trunk in treating brachial plexus avulsion. J Neurosurg. 2010;112:383–385
  13. MacAvoy MC, Green DP. Critical reappraisal of medical research council muscle testing for elbow flexion. J Hand Surg. 2007;32A:149–153
  14. James MA. Use of the medical research council muscle strength grading system in the upper extremity. J Hand Surg. 2007;32A:154–156
  15. Zheng JP, Zhong NS. Normative values of pulmonary function testing in Chinese adults. Chin Med J (Engl). 2002;115:50–54
  16. Millesi H. Surgical management of brachial plexus injuries. J Hand Surg. 1977;21A:367–378
  17. Chuang DC, Epstein MD, Yeh MC, Wei FC. Functional restoration of elbow flexion in brachial plexus injuries: results in 167 patients (excluding obstetrical brachial plexus injury). J Hand Surg. 1993;18A:285–291
  18. Vekris MD, Beris AE, Johnson EO, Korobilias AV, Pafilas D, Vekris AD, et al. Musculocutaneous neurotization to restore elbow flexion in brachial plexus paralysis. Microsurgery. 2006;26:325–329
  19. Gu YD, Ma MK. Nerve transfer for treatment of root avulsion of the brachial plexus: experimental studies in a rat model. J Reconstr Microsurg. 1991;7:15–22
  20. Chen L, Gu YD. An experimental study of contralateral C7 root transfer with vascularized nerve grafting to treat brachial plexus avulsion. J Hand Surg. 1994;19B:60–66
  21. Gu YD, Wu MM, Zhen YL, Zhao JA, Zhang GM, Chen DS, et al. Phrenic nerve transfer for brachial plexus motor neurotization. Microsurgery. 1989;10:287–289
  22. Gu YD, Ma MK. Use of the phrenic nerve for brachial plexus reconstruction. Clin Orthop. 1996;323:119–121
  23. Waikakul S, Wongtragul S, Vanadurongwan V. Restoration of elbow flexion in brachial plexus avulsion injury: comparing spinal accessory nerve transfer with intercostal nerve transfer. J Hand Surg. 1999;24A:571–577
  24. Xu WD, Gu YD, Liu JB, Yu C, Zhang CG, Xu JG. Pulmonary function after complete unilateral phrenic nerve transection. J Neurosurg. 2005;103:464–467
  25. Narakas AO, Hentz VR. Neurotization in brachial plexus injuries: indications and results. Clin Orthop. 1988;237:43–56

 Supported by the Chinese National Basic Research Program (Grant 2003CB515300); the “Dawn” Program of the Shanghai Education Commission, China (Grant 06SG04); and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, China (Grant NCET-07-0209).

 No benefits in any form have been received or will be received related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article.

PII: S0363-5023(10)00400-4

doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2010.04.006

Journal of Hand Surgery
Volume 35, Issue 8 , Pages 1304-1309 , August 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution